Learn how to talk about past habits
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Dana: Hi everyone, and welcome back to UrduPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 12 - Hearing About the Past in Urdu. Dana here. |
| Hamza: السلام علیکم. I'm Hamza. |
| Dana: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to talk about past habits by saying what you used to do. The conversation takes place at home. |
| Hamza: It's between Ali and Ameena. |
| Dana: The speakers are friends; therefore, they will speak informal Urdu. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
| DIALOGUE |
| علی: امینہ، آپ گھر بس کے ذریعے آئی ہیں؟ |
| امینہ: جی ہاں |
| علی: آپ ایک طویل وقت سے وہاں رہ رہی ہیں، ایسا ہی ہے؟ |
| امینہ: ہاں تقریبا تیس سال. |
| علی: اوہ واہ! |
| امینہ: جی ہاں، یہ تمام علاقہ نیا ہے ، 10-20 سال پہلے شہر کے اس حصے میں شاید ہی کوئی لوگ تھے |
| علی: واقعی؟ آپ کہاں کام کیا کرتی تهیں؟ |
| امینہ: میں اوپر شمال کی طرف جایا کرتی تهی. اب بسیں ہیں. اس وقت کچھ بھی نہیں تھا. میں آدھا راستہ پیدل چلتی تهی. |
| علی: اوه میرے خدا ! یہ بہت طویل ہوگا؟ |
| امینہ: جی ہاں، تقریبا دو گھنٹے جانے کے لئے. اور پھر شام میں واپسی پر دوبارہ دو گھنٹے. |
| علی: ارے! موسم گرما میں بھی؟ آپ شام کو غیر محفوظ محسوس نہیں کرتی تهیں؟ |
| امینہ: جی ہاں یہی وجہ ہے کہ میں دوپہر میں نکل آتی تهی. میں شام کو پیدل کبھی واپس نہیں آیا کرتی تهی . |
| Dana: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Ali: Ameena, do you come by bus from home? |
| Ameena: Yes. |
| Ali: You've been living there for a long time, haven’t you? |
| Ameena: Yes, around 30 years. |
| Ali: Oh, wow! |
| Ameena: Yes, this area is all new. 10-20 years back, there were hardly any people in this part of town. |
| Ali: Really? Where did you use to work? |
| Ameena: I used to go up to the north. Now we have the buses. Back then there was nothing. I used to walk half the way. |
| Ali: Oh, my goodness! It must have been very long? |
| Ameena: Yes, about 2 hours to go. And then 2 hours back again in the evening. |
| Ali: Gosh! In the summer too? Did you not feel unsafe in the evening? |
| Ameena: Yes, that's why I used to leave in the afternoon. I would never return in the evening on foot. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Dana: It seems like the area has changed a lot over the last ten to twenty years. |
| Hamza: Yeah, Pakistan itself has changed a lot since the 1990s. |
| Dana: How has it changed? |
| Hamza: Before, imported foods and entertainment came into Pakistan very slowly, and didn’t reach most Pakistanis. |
| Dana: I guess it was just the rich, or those with friends and families abroad, that had access to these things early. |
| Hamza: That’s right. Since the 1990s, the market has become more liberalized. |
| Dana: What would you say are the main differences? |
| Hamza: Owning TVs and cellphones became more common, and now there are hundreds of TV channels, whereas before there was only one state operated channel. |
| Dana: Do these channels air English TV shows and movies? |
| Hamza: Yes, they do. Today, young urban Pakistanis are aware of trends in the English-speaking world overseas and follow them. |
| Dana: There are many Pakistanis studying and working abroad these days too. |
| Hamza: Yes, there are. Pakistan has seen a بڑی سماجی تبدیلی. |
| Dana: A “vast social change.” Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Dana: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Hamza: کے ذریعے [natural native speed] |
| Dana: by, through |
| Hamza: کے ذریعے[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: کے ذریعے [natural native speed] |
| Dana: Next we have.. |
| Hamza: تقریبا [natural native speed] |
| Dana: around, approximately |
| Hamza: تقریبا[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: تقریبا [natural native speed] |
| Dana: Next we have.. |
| Hamza: شہر [natural native speed] |
| Dana: city |
| Hamza: شہر[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: شہر [natural native speed] |
| Dana: Next we have.. |
| Hamza: شمال [natural native speed] |
| Dana: north |
| Hamza: شمال[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: شمال [natural native speed] |
| Dana: Next we have.. |
| Hamza: پیدل [natural native speed] |
| Dana: by foot |
| Hamza: پیدل[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: پیدل [natural native speed] |
| Dana: Next we have.. |
| Hamza: موسم گرما [natural native speed] |
| Dana: summer |
| Hamza: موسم گرما[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: موسم گرما [natural native speed] |
| Dana: Next we have.. |
| Hamza: غیر محفوظ [natural native speed] |
| Dana: unsafe |
| Hamza: غیر محفوظ[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: غیر محفوظ [natural native speed] |
| Dana: Next we have.. |
| Hamza: محسوس کرنا [natural native speed] |
| Dana: feel |
| Hamza: محسوس کرنا[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: محسوس کرنا [natural native speed] |
| Dana: Next we have.. |
| Hamza: اندھیره [natural native speed] |
| Dana: dark |
| Hamza: اندھیره[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: اندھیره [natural native speed] |
| Dana: And last.. |
| Hamza: واپس آنا [natural native speed] |
| Dana: return, come back |
| Hamza: واپس آنا[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hamza: واپس آنا [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Dana: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Hamza: کے ذریعے |
| Dana: Meaning "by, through." This is a pretty important phrase to remember, as it’s used a lot in traveling scenarios. |
| Hamza: Yes, you use it to show what mode of transportation you’re going to use. |
| Dana: You can also use it to show what area you’re passing through. |
| Hamza: We use this in formal settings. |
| Dana: What is used in informal settings? |
| Hamza: پر,, meaning “on” or “by.” |
| Dana: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Hamza: Sure. For example, you can say.. وه ٹرین کے ذریعے لاہور جا رہا ہے. |
| Dana: ..which means "He is going to Lahore by train." |
| Dana: Okay, what's the next word? |
| Hamza: محسوس کرنا |
| Dana: Meaning "to feel." When can we use this? |
| Hamza: We use this when sympathizing with someone. |
| Dana: It can also be used to show that you feel the heat or cold of the weather. |
| Hamza: Also, of a person’s attitude. |
| Dana: Is this a formal or informal phrase? |
| Hamza: It’s formal. |
| Dana: Can you give us an example using this phrase? |
| Hamza: Sure. For example, you can say.. میں آپ کی آواز میں اداسی محسوس کر سکتا ہوں. |
| Dana: .. which means "I can feel the sadness in your voice." |
| Dana: Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Dana: In this lesson, you'll learn about talking about past habits by saying what you used to do. How do we say that we “used to do” something in Urdu? |
| Hamza: By adding کرتے تھے or کرتا تھا or کرتی تھی to a verb, it’s past tense. |
| Dana: Is there anything else that we need to know? |
| Hamza: As a general rule, کرتے تھے is used with all transitive verbs, unless the object is feminine, in which case it’s کرتی تھی . |
| Dana: What if it is an intransitive verb? |
| Hamza: Then کرتا تھا is used, unless the subject/object is feminine, in which case it’s کرتی تھی , or for plural, کرتے تھے is used. |
| Dana: Okay, let’s hear some examples. First, with transitive verbs. |
| Hamza: کیا کرتے تهے |
| Dana: “used to do.” |
| Hamza: لکها کرتے تهے |
| Dana: “used to write.” Now, some intransitive verbs. |
| Hamza: ہوا کرتا تها |
| Dana: “used to do.” |
| Hamza: چلا کرتی تهی |
| Dana: “used to walk.” |
| Hamza: Past tense conjugation doesn't change based on gender, apart from the verb جانا. |
| Dana: This means “to go.” It has irregular conjugations, which you can read more about in the lesson notes. For now, let’s hear some examples. |
| Hamza: یہ شہر بہت چھوٹا ہوا کرتا تها |
| Dana: “This town used to be very small.” |
| Hamza: بچے گانے گایا کرتے تھے. |
| Dana: “Children used to sing the songs.” We can also use “used to” to talk about things we did regularly in the past. |
| Hamza: For example, we can say میں ہر روز سکول موٹر سائیکل پر جایا کرتا تها |
| Dana: "I used to bike to school every day." |
| Hamza: Or we can say میں ہر روز سکول موٹر سائیکل پر جاتا تها |
| Dana: “I would bike to school every day.” They basically have the same conjugations. We can also use “used to” to talk about how things were regularly done in a past decade. |
| Hamza: ان دنوں ڈاکیا ڈاک لے کر گاؤں سے گاؤں جایا کرتا تها |
| Dana: "In those days the postman used to walk from village to village with the post." In this situation, "used to" fits better in Urdu, though it’s not incorrect to use "would." |
Outro |
| Dana: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Hamza: !پهر ملیں گے |
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