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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Dana: Hi everyone, and welcome back to UrduPod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 12 - Hearing About the Past in Urdu. Dana here.
Hamza: السلام علیکم. I'm Hamza.
Dana: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to talk about past habits by saying what you used to do. The conversation takes place at home.
Hamza: It's between Ali and Ameena.
Dana: The speakers are friends; therefore, they will speak informal Urdu. Okay, let's listen to the conversation.
DIALOGUE
علی: امینہ، آپ گھر بس کے ذریعے آئی ہیں؟
امینہ: جی ہاں
علی: آپ ایک طویل وقت سے وہاں رہ رہی ہیں، ایسا ہی ہے؟
امینہ: ہاں تقریبا تیس سال.
علی: اوہ واہ!
امینہ: جی ہاں، یہ تمام علاقہ نیا ہے ، 10-20 سال پہلے شہر کے اس حصے میں شاید ہی کوئی لوگ تھے
علی: واقعی؟ آپ کہاں کام کیا کرتی تهیں؟
امینہ: میں اوپر شمال کی طرف جایا کرتی تهی. اب بسیں ہیں. اس وقت کچھ بھی نہیں تھا. میں آدھا راستہ پیدل چلتی تهی.
علی: اوه میرے خدا ! یہ بہت طویل ہوگا؟
امینہ: جی ہاں، تقریبا دو گھنٹے جانے کے لئے. اور پھر شام میں واپسی پر دوبارہ دو گھنٹے.
علی: ارے! موسم گرما میں بھی؟ آپ شام کو غیر محفوظ محسوس نہیں کرتی تهیں؟
امینہ: جی ہاں یہی وجہ ہے کہ میں دوپہر میں نکل آتی تهی. میں شام کو پیدل کبھی واپس نہیں آیا کرتی تهی .
Dana: Listen to the conversation with the English translation.
Ali: Ameena, do you come by bus from home?
Ameena: Yes.
Ali: You've been living there for a long time, haven’t you?
Ameena: Yes, around 30 years.
Ali: Oh, wow!
Ameena: Yes, this area is all new. 10-20 years back, there were hardly any people in this part of town.
Ali: Really? Where did you use to work?
Ameena: I used to go up to the north. Now we have the buses. Back then there was nothing. I used to walk half the way.
Ali: Oh, my goodness! It must have been very long?
Ameena: Yes, about 2 hours to go. And then 2 hours back again in the evening.
Ali: Gosh! In the summer too? Did you not feel unsafe in the evening?
Ameena: Yes, that's why I used to leave in the afternoon. I would never return in the evening on foot.
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Dana: It seems like the area has changed a lot over the last ten to twenty years.
Hamza: Yeah, Pakistan itself has changed a lot since the 1990s.
Dana: How has it changed?
Hamza: Before, imported foods and entertainment came into Pakistan very slowly, and didn’t reach most Pakistanis.
Dana: I guess it was just the rich, or those with friends and families abroad, that had access to these things early.
Hamza: That’s right. Since the 1990s, the market has become more liberalized.
Dana: What would you say are the main differences?
Hamza: Owning TVs and cellphones became more common, and now there are hundreds of TV channels, whereas before there was only one state operated channel.
Dana: Do these channels air English TV shows and movies?
Hamza: Yes, they do. Today, young urban Pakistanis are aware of trends in the English-speaking world overseas and follow them.
Dana: There are many Pakistanis studying and working abroad these days too.
Hamza: Yes, there are. Pakistan has seen a بڑی سماجی تبدیلی.
Dana: A “vast social change.” Okay, now onto the vocab.
VOCAB LIST
Dana: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is..
Hamza: کے ذریعے [natural native speed]
Dana: by, through
Hamza: کے ذریعے[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: کے ذریعے [natural native speed]
Dana: Next we have..
Hamza: تقریبا [natural native speed]
Dana: around, approximately
Hamza: تقریبا[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: تقریبا [natural native speed]
Dana: Next we have..
Hamza: شہر [natural native speed]
Dana: city
Hamza: شہر[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: شہر [natural native speed]
Dana: Next we have..
Hamza: شمال [natural native speed]
Dana: north
Hamza: شمال[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: شمال [natural native speed]
Dana: Next we have..
Hamza: پیدل [natural native speed]
Dana: by foot
Hamza: پیدل[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: پیدل [natural native speed]
Dana: Next we have..
Hamza: موسم گرما [natural native speed]
Dana: summer
Hamza: موسم گرما[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: موسم گرما [natural native speed]
Dana: Next we have..
Hamza: غیر محفوظ [natural native speed]
Dana: unsafe
Hamza: غیر محفوظ[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: غیر محفوظ [natural native speed]
Dana: Next we have..
Hamza: محسوس کرنا [natural native speed]
Dana: feel
Hamza: محسوس کرنا[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: محسوس کرنا [natural native speed]
Dana: Next we have..
Hamza: اندھیره [natural native speed]
Dana: dark
Hamza: اندھیره[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: اندھیره [natural native speed]
Dana: And last..
Hamza: واپس آنا [natural native speed]
Dana: return, come back
Hamza: واپس آنا[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: واپس آنا [natural native speed]
KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES
Dana: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is..
Hamza: کے ذریعے
Dana: Meaning "by, through." This is a pretty important phrase to remember, as it’s used a lot in traveling scenarios.
Hamza: Yes, you use it to show what mode of transportation you’re going to use.
Dana: You can also use it to show what area you’re passing through.
Hamza: We use this in formal settings.
Dana: What is used in informal settings?
Hamza: پر,, meaning “on” or “by.”
Dana: Can you give us an example using this phrase?
Hamza: Sure. For example, you can say.. وه ٹرین کے ذریعے لاہور جا رہا ہے.
Dana: ..which means "He is going to Lahore by train."
Dana: Okay, what's the next word?
Hamza: محسوس کرنا
Dana: Meaning "to feel." When can we use this?
Hamza: We use this when sympathizing with someone.
Dana: It can also be used to show that you feel the heat or cold of the weather.
Hamza: Also, of a person’s attitude.
Dana: Is this a formal or informal phrase?
Hamza: It’s formal.
Dana: Can you give us an example using this phrase?
Hamza: Sure. For example, you can say.. میں آپ کی آواز میں اداسی محسوس کر سکتا ہوں.
Dana: .. which means "I can feel the sadness in your voice."
Dana: Okay, now onto the lesson focus.

Lesson focus

Dana: In this lesson, you'll learn about talking about past habits by saying what you used to do. How do we say that we “used to do” something in Urdu?
Hamza: By adding کرتے تھے or کرتا تھا or کرتی تھی to a verb, it’s past tense.
Dana: Is there anything else that we need to know?
Hamza: As a general rule, کرتے تھے is used with all transitive verbs, unless the object is feminine, in which case it’s کرتی تھی .
Dana: What if it is an intransitive verb?
Hamza: Then کرتا تھا is used, unless the subject/object is feminine, in which case it’s کرتی تھی , or for plural, کرتے تھے is used.
Dana: Okay, let’s hear some examples. First, with transitive verbs.
Hamza: کیا کرتے تهے
Dana: “used to do.”
Hamza: لکها کرتے تهے
Dana: “used to write.” Now, some intransitive verbs.
Hamza: ہوا کرتا تها
Dana: “used to do.”
Hamza: چلا کرتی تهی
Dana: “used to walk.”
Hamza: Past tense conjugation doesn't change based on gender, apart from the verb جانا.
Dana: This means “to go.” It has irregular conjugations, which you can read more about in the lesson notes. For now, let’s hear some examples.
Hamza: یہ شہر بہت چھوٹا ہوا کرتا تها
Dana: “This town used to be very small.”
Hamza: بچے گانے گایا کرتے تھے.
Dana: “Children used to sing the songs.” We can also use “used to” to talk about things we did regularly in the past.
Hamza: For example, we can say میں ہر روز سکول موٹر سائیکل پر جایا کرتا تها
Dana: "I used to bike to school every day."
Hamza: Or we can say میں ہر روز سکول موٹر سائیکل پر جاتا تها
Dana: “I would bike to school every day.” They basically have the same conjugations. We can also use “used to” to talk about how things were regularly done in a past decade.
Hamza: ان دنوں ڈاکیا ڈاک لے کر گاؤں سے گاؤں جایا کرتا تها
Dana: "In those days the postman used to walk from village to village with the post." In this situation, "used to" fits better in Urdu, though it’s not incorrect to use "would."

Outro

Dana: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye!
Hamza: !پهر ملیں گے

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