Dialogue

Vocabulary

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Lesson Notes

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Lesson Transcript

INTRODUCTION
Becky: Hi everyone, and welcome back to UrduPod101.com. This is Beginner Season 1, Lesson 4 - Planning a Surprise Party in Pakistan. Becky here.
Hamza: السلام علیکم (Assalam u alaikum). I'm Hamza.
Becky: In this lesson, you’ll learn about making suggestions and the word "should." The conversation takes place at home.
Hamza: It's between Asha and Ali.
Becky: The speakers are friends, so they’ll speak informal Urdu. Okay, let's listen to the conversation.
DIALOGUE
آشا: حنا کی سالگرہ آ رہی ہے. ہمیں کچھ کرنا چاہئے.
علی: جی ہاں. اس بار ہمیں کیا کرنا چاہیے؟
آشا: ہمیں اس کے بارے میں سوچنا پڑے گا. لیکن کسی بهی چیز کا اس سے ذکر نہیں کرنا.
علی: آپ اسے سرپرائز رکهنا چاہتی ہو؟ مزہ آئے گا.
آشا: جی ہاں اسی لیے. کیا ہمیں اسے اس کے گھر پر کرنا چاہئے؟
علی: یہ مشکل ہو سکتا ہے. ہم اسے میرے گھر پر بھی کر سکتے ہیں.
Becky: Listen to the conversation one time slowly.
آشا: حنا کی سالگرہ آ رہی ہے. ہمیں کچھ کرنا چاہئے.
علی: جی ہاں. اس بار ہمیں کیا کرنا چاہیے؟
آشا: ہمیں اس کے بارے میں سوچنا پڑے گا. لیکن کسی بهی چیز کا اس سے ذکر نہیں کرنا.
علی: آپ اسے سرپرائز رکهنا چاہتی ہو؟ مزہ آئے گا.
آشا: جی ہاں اسی لیے. کیا ہمیں اسے اس کے گھر پر کرنا چاہئے؟
علی: یہ مشکل ہو سکتا ہے. ہم اسے میرے گھر پر بھی کر سکتے ہیں.
Becky: Listen to the conversation with the English translation.
Asha: Hina's birthday is coming up. We should do something.
Ali: Yeah. What should we do this time around?
Asha: We'll have to think about it. But don't mention anything to her.
Ali: You want it to be a surprise? That'll be fun.
Asha: Yeah that's why. Should we have it at her house?
Ali: That might be difficult. We can also have it at my place.
POST CONVERSATION BANTER
Becky: It looks like Hina has two good friends...
Hamza: Actually friendships in Pakistan are characterized by a depth of intimacy and loyalty that makes friends akin to, and often involved with, family. Urdu language usage is indicative of this.
Becky: Are there some specific words for indicating good friends?
Hamza: No, I’m referring to the language itself: Amongst the three levels of formality in speech, the most casual and informal is used to speak to siblings, younger cousins, and also good friends.
Becky: I see, this clearly shows a close and intimate bond.
Hamza: Good friends are treated like a part of the family. There's also a common saying in Urdu which means that there are no sorry’s and no thank you’s exchanged between friends, because these are a mark of formality.
Becky: That makes sense.
Hamza: Also when friends go out for food or shopping, if someone does not have enough money, all others pay his or her part.
Becky: What is the Urdu word for “friendship?”
Hamza: It’s دوستی (dosti).
Becky: Okay, now onto the vocab.
VOCAB LIST
Becky: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is...
Hamza: سالگرہ [natural native speed]
Becky: birthday
Hamza: سالگرہ[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: سالگرہ [natural native speed]
Becky: Next we have...
Hamza: کرنا چاہئے [natural native speed]
Becky: should do
Hamza: کرنا چاہئے[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: کرنا چاہئے [natural native speed]
Becky: Next we have...
Hamza: اس بار [natural native speed]
Becky: this time
Hamza: اس بار[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: اس بار [natural native speed]
Becky: Next we have...
Hamza: سوچنا [natural native speed]
Becky: to think
Hamza: سوچنا[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: سوچنا [natural native speed]
Becky: Next we have...
Hamza: اسی لیے [natural native speed]
Becky: that’s why
Hamza: اسی لیے[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: اسی لیے [natural native speed]
Becky: Next we have...
Hamza: ذکر کرنا [natural native speed]
Becky: to mention
Hamza: ذکر کرنا[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: ذکر کرنا [natural native speed]
Becky: Next we have...
Hamza: مزہ [natural native speed]
Becky: fun
Hamza: مزہ[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: مزہ [natural native speed]
Becky: Next we have...
Hamza: اسے [natural native speed]
Becky: to him, to her
Hamza: اسے[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: اسے [natural native speed]
Becky: And last...
Hamza: مشکل [natural native speed]
Becky: difficult
Hamza: مشکل[slowly - broken down by syllable]
Hamza: مشکل [natural native speed]
KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES
Becky: Let's have a closer look at the usage of some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first phrase is..
Hamza: ذکر نہ کرنا
Becky: meaning "don't tell."
Hamza: The phrase is composed of two words: ذکر (zikar),
Becky: which means "to tell,"
Hamza: and نہ کرنا (na kerna),
Becky: which means "don't do it." This phrase can be a suggestion, order, or request, depending on the situation in which it’s used.
Hamza: This phrase is used to stop someone from telling something to others. For example, if you’re organizing a surprise for someone.
Becky: Apart from surprises, you can also use it when sharing a secret with someone else, and you don't want other people to know.
Hamza: For example, when gossiping about someone!
Becky: It’s definitely a useful phrase. Can you give us a sample sentence?
Hamza: Sure. For example, you can say, میرے راز کا کسی سے ذکر نہ کرنا.
Becky: ...which means "Don't tell my secret to anyone. "
Becky: Okay, what's the next word?
Hamza: اسے
Becky: meaning "to him, to her."
Hamza: This word is a pronoun and is used for a male or female.
Becky: This word is used to point to a person who’s normally standing a bit away from you.
Hamza: Moreover, if you’re writing a document where you used a name once, this word can be used to avoid repetition.
Becky: When speaking, can we use it in any situation?
Hamza: This word is mostly used for informal situations or when referring to someone younger than you. If you’re in a formal setting or you’re pointing towards an elder person, you’ll use the word انهیں (unhein).
Becky: Can you give us an example using the informal word?
Hamza: Sure. For example, you can say, اسے یہاں بلاو.
Becky: ...which means "Call him here."
Becky: Okay, now onto the lesson focus.

Lesson focus

Becky: In this lesson, you'll learn about making suggestions and how to say "should" in Urdu. Let’s start with making suggestions.
Hamza: In order to make a suggestion in the Urdu language, the ending words of the sentence matter a lot
Becky: So just by looking at the ending words, we can get an idea whether it’s a suggestion or not.
Hamza: Right, the suggestion sentences will normally have چاہئے (chahiye), meaning “should,” or سکتے ہیں (saktay hain), meaning “can,” at the end of the sentence. These words will have verbs before them.
Becky: Can you give us an example?
Hamza: For example, کرنا چاہیئے (karna chahiye).
Becky: Meaning “should do.”
Hamza: Here کرنا (karna) is a verb, meaning “do.”
Becky: You mentioned also another phrase.
Hamza: سکتے ہیں (saktay hain). For example, you can say, جا سکتے ہیں (ja saktay hain).
Becky: Meaning “can go,” as in a suggestion.
Hamza: Here جا (ja) means “go” and is a verb.
Becky: We can use this on two main occasions: first when you are suggesting something to be done. For example, if you’re planning a party, and you want to suggest, "we can do the party at a 5 star hotel," what could you say in Urdu?
Hamza: You could say ہم 5 سٹار ہوٹل میں پارٹی کر سکتے ہیں. Here کر سکتے ہیں (ker saktay hain), "can do," is used for a suggestion.
Becky: The second situation when we can use this phrase is when we answer a question.
Hamza: Right, for example, if a teacher asks students if they can do some task. In response to this question, students can reply : ہم کر سکتے ہیں (Hum ker saktay hain), meaning "We can do."
Becky: This phrase is for plural subjects or for formal and polite situations.
Hamza: If you want to ask about only one subject and in an informal manner, you can use کر سکتے ہو (ker saktay ho), "can do." If it's a woman, use کر سکتی ہو (ker sakti ho), "can do."
Becky: Listeners you can find all the different forms in the lesson notes.
Hamza: چاہئے (chahiye) never changes though.
Becky: Let’s give two sentences with both forms.
Hamza: Using chahiye, you can suggest ہمیں آج باہر جانا چاہئے
Becky: Which means “We should go out today.”
Hamza: Using Saktay hain, you could also say: آج ہم باہر جا سکتے ہیں.
Becky: Which means “We can go out today.” Ok, now let’s see how to ask for suggestions.
Hamza: When you want to ask for a suggestion, the sentence normally starts with the question word کیا (kia), meaning “should,” followed by the verb. The sentence ends with چاہئے (chahiye), which we just studied.
Becky: Can you give us an example?
Hamza: کیا آج رات ہمیں فلم دیکھنی چاہئے؟
Becky: Meaning, “Should we watch a movie tonight?”
Hamza: There’s another way that’s considered more polite and formal. After the verb, you can add کے بارے میں کیا خیال ہے (ky baray mei kia khayal hai)
Becky: Which means “what do you think about it?”
Hamza: Here’s an example: کرکٹ کهیلنے کے بارے میں کیا خیال ہے؟
Becky: Which means “What about playing cricket?”
Hamza: or پاکستان میں سردیوں کی چهٹیاں گزارنے کے بارے میں کیا خیال ہے؟
Becky: “What about spending winter vacations in Pakistan?” Ok, finally, let’s see another expression which is not in the dialogue.
Hamza: The expression is ضروری ہے (zaruri hai), meaning “have to.”
Becky: In Urdu, it’s used when something has to be done or when something needs to be emphasized. It’s used to emphasize the doing of something.
Hamza: Usually, Zarur is placed between the pronoun and the verb. For example, مجهے کل لاہور ضرور جانا ہے.
Becky: Which means “I have to go to Lahore tomorrow.”
Hamza: ہمیں ضرور ٹرین کے ذریعے سفر کرنا ہو گا.
Becky: “We have to travel by train.”

Outro

Becky: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye!
Hamza: پهر ملیں گے! (Phir milenge!)

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